What are common types of fallacies in research?
Logical fallacies that are common in research include the following:
- Hasty generalization: Drawing broad and general conclusions from a small or unrepresentative sample of data
- Fallacy of composition: Assuming that what is true of the parts must be true of the whole
- Post hoc fallacy: Inferring that simply because one event followed another, the first event must have caused the second event
- Ecological fallacy: Forming conclusions about individuals based on group-level data
- False cause fallacy: Inferring a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables when none exists