What are some examples of false cause fallacy?

False cause fallacies assume a causal relationship between events, as demonstrated in the following examples:

  • A manager attributes a company’s profit increase to a new marketing campaign while ignoring market trends.
  • The principal of a high school credits a new textbook for improved student grades while disregarding the impact of a new tutoring program.
  • A city’s mayor takes credit for a reduction in crime, attributing it to increased policing, while overlooking the benefits of new community initiatives aimed at alleviating poverty and improving education.

There are several types of false cause fallacies that have specific names, including the post hoc fallacy and the cum hoc fallacy.